Exams pt 2

I just realised that i didnt even get to post this, but anyway, i will now :P

 

Ok so part 2.. biology!

i’ll colour code it all just coz i can….

1 cells

2 enzymes and membranes

3 digestive system

4 circulatory system

5 respiratory system

Im going to star of with the structure of a cell. (an animal cell first)

So we’ll star in the middle. The little thing inside the big purple thing is called the nucleolus. Its the thing in the middle of the cell, i makes proteins.

The big purple thing is called the cell nucleus which is pretty much the brain it orchestrates everything.

The green lines  are called the Golgi Apparatus which  package and store molecules before they are released from the cell.

The blue things are the endoplasmic reticulum which are transport systems. they’re like little channels that the proteins travel through.

The red things are Mitochondrion which is where cellular respiration occurs  (how things get energy)

Ribosome's are the little dots on the ER and they are where protein synthesis happens.

Where there is kinda nothing and its a yellow colour is where the cytoplasm is and thats where all the activites occur in the cell.

and last but not least is the blue thing on the out side the plasma membrane. It is made from a phospholipid bilayer and acts like a skin but it is semipermable which means things can enter and exit it, but it chooses what it lest in and what it doesn’t

there are other things in the diagram but i havent learnt about them yet.

Now plant cells are very similar cept for a few other.

Instead of the membrane plant cells have the cell wall. it provides extra support and protection.

There is the vacuole, which stores water (animal cells have one too, but they’re pretty small)

The green and yellow ovals are the chloroplast where photosynthesis happens. and inside those chloroplast (the green things) are chlorophyll, they are a green pigment and they absorb light for photosynthesis.

Ok so just as im about to finish on this unit of stuff there is one last thing, organelle, they are structures that perform specific functions.

 

There are two cell types Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic.

Pro ones are singular cellular organisms like for example bacteria have all the stuff inside them and only consist of one cell.

Euk’s are mutli-cellular organism are pretty much every other cell. they are membrane bound, have organelles and nucleus.

 

So the next thing is enzymes.

Enzymes are proteins that speed up reactions. They are made on ribosome's and may be used in a cell or exported.

They have an optimal temperature which they perform best at (37) and a optimal pH (7) when they go above they denature (are unable to perform normal activity *when it comes to pH the active site is lost*) when its below they become inactive (i like to think they hibernate and when ya warm em up they wake up again)

They have an active site (the yellow bit) which is the bit where the substrate (the one that fits. In this case the purple thing) then when the reaction occurs you get a product

Now for the membrane. As mentioned above, it is the outer most layer of  animal cell.

There are channels. Ok well im really cant be bothered continuing with the membranes :P

The digestive system

I dont wanna sound snobby, but im pro at the DS, i got an A+ on my exam (27/30) so im not gonna look at my notes!

Well im not gonna go into detail with this because i pretty much know it all.

So first the foods go in through your mouth (no shit, lol) you use ur teeth to chew which increases surface area makes it easier for the enzymes

well yet agin my brother has decided to come and take teh lappie from my but at leats i’ve got the hardest stuff done :P

peace!